Introduction to Welding Process (R)

General

There are four common characteristics in the arc welding processes, SMAW (Arc welding), GTAW (Tig Welding), GMAW (Mig/Mag Welding), and SAW (Submerged Arc welding) are:

1. An arc is generated between the electrode and Parent material during electrical discharge.

2. Gas is surrounded to ionize when the discharge causes a spark.

3. Then ionized gas enables a current to flow across the gap between the electrode and base metal thereby creating an arc. The arc propagates heat that liquefies the base metal.

4. With the exception of TIG welding, the heat generated by the arc also causes the electrode surface to melt and molten droplets can transfer to the weld pool to form a weld bead or run. . Heat input into the welding zone depends on voltage, arc current, and welding/travel speed.

With most welding processes, welding in the PA (flat or 1G) position results in the highest weld metal deposition rate and therefore productivity.

In welding processes using consumable electrodes, the rate of transfer of molten metal into the weld pool is directly related to the welding current density. (ratio of current to electrode diameter).

In TIG welding, the higher the current, the more energy is available for melting and the faster the filler wire can be introduced into the weld pool. Arc energy is the amount of heat generated by the welding arc per weld length, usually expressed in kilojoules per millimeter of weld length (kJ/mm).

The heat input (HI) for arc welding is calculated using the following formula:

If any mechanical defects while using, it must be informed to the appropriate supervisor to rectify/replace it immediately.

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